What is the purpose of flaps on an aircraft?

The purpose of flaps on an aircraft is primarily to increase lift at lower speeds during takeoff and landing. Flaps are movable surfaces on the wings that extend downwards, altering the shape of the wing and enhancing its aerodynamic profile. When deployed, flaps create additional lift by allowing the wing to maintain effective airflow at slower speeds, which is particularly crucial during the critical phases of flight such as takeoff and landing.

This lift enhancement allows the aircraft to become airborne at lower speeds, improving performance during takeoff. Similarly, during landing, flaps enable the pilot to safely approach the runway at slower speeds, reducing the required landing distance and increasing control. The effectiveness of flaps at lower speeds is essential for maintaining safe flight characteristics while maneuvering close to ground level.

The design and function of flaps ensure that pilots can operate the aircraft safely and efficiently during these crucial phases of flight, underscoring the importance of this feature in aviation.